Four speed transmission



Aug- 25, 1931. R. BERINGER 1,820,006

FOUR-SPEED TRANSMISSION I Filed Dec. 24. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l R.BERINGER 1,820,006

FOUR-SPEED TRANSMISSION Filed Dec. 24, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 25,1931.

Patented Aug.' 25, 1931 "UNITED STATI-:s

,PATENT OFFICE ROSGOE BERINGER, Ol' DM'BOIT, IICHIGAN, ABBIGNOB TOGENERAL IOTOBS OOBPO- BATION, OF DETROIT. IIGHIGAN, A CORPORATIONOIDELAWABI FOUR SPEED TRANSMISSION'4 Application led December 24, 1926.Serial Vlo. 156,884.

and third speed.

(2) A four-forward speed having a shifting arrangement analagous to thestandard shifting arrangement.

(3) A shifting arraii ement having rovision to prevent acci entalshifting into reverse.

Other advantages-will be obvious upon the reading of the followingspecification and o an examination of the accompanying draw ing. A

On the drawings: 4Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of thevehicle transmission having my 1mprovements incorporated therein.

Figure 2 is an end elevation partly broken away and in section.

Figure 3 is a section on hne 3-.-3 of Figure 1.

Referringby reference characters to the 3 drawings,A numeral 5represents the transmission housing'. having a cover 7. 'Entering thefront end of the housing is a shaft 9 which shaft is driven b themotorof the vehicle through .the clutc in the usual way. The opening 11in the casing wall is provided with a sleeve 13 carrying la bearing 15to secure an'anti-friction support forthe 'shaft 9. Aligned with shaft9- is a driven shaft 10, this shaft being the so-called transmission orspline shaft. I t is reducedadjacent the forward end and piloted Iwithinthe bored out end of the sha-ft 9 where it is journalled by means ofbearings 17.- The rear casing wa-ll carries a bearin 19 for thetransmission shaft. There is eyed to this shaft beyond the bearin a gear21 drive the speedometer drive s aft 23 within the cover member 25,these parts constituting no part of my invention.

Shaft 9 just within the bearingl is formed with external teethconstituting a driving gear 27. This gear 27 is in constant engagementIwith ar 29 riveted'to a flange 31 on countershafB 33, the countershaftbeing rotatively carried in the housing. Countershaft 33 at its otherend vis equipped with a pair of gears 37 and 39 for driving thetransmission shaft in low and at intermediate s ed. Mounted to slide onthe transmission s aft is a pair of gears 41 and 43 secured to'- getherby fastening means 45. This double gear has a collar 47 to be engaged byfork 49 .carried by' one of the usual sliding rods.

The engagement of gear 41 with gear 37 gives v low speed and theengagement of gear 43 .with gear 39 gives second or intermediate speed.

Within the housing are two transverse partitions 51 and 53 havingopenings which are in alignment but which openings are eccentricrelative to the axis of the aligned shafts. Within each openin is abearing 55 journalling the end walls 5 and 59 of a cage or barrel, whichisl completed by a spacer 61 and bolts 63. It will be seen that theinner bearmg races are integral outwardly; directed portions of the gearcage. Within the cage so formed, and adjacent wall 59 are fastened bymeans of bolts 65 a pair of gears '67 and 69. Gear 67 is an internalgear and gear 69 is of L-shape and has teeth constituting an externalgear. Secured to the transmission shaft at a point where itis reduced toenter the shaft 9, and justwithin in the cage is sleeve 71 havin vaflange 73 to which is fixed by rivets an L-s aped gear 75 havinginternal' teeth to engage the external teeth .69. Whenthe cage is'rotatably driven it drives' at a,"

slightlyreduced speed the transmission shaft through the 'gearingAelements 69 and 75. In.y addition to carrying the' aforesaidinternal(gear 75 sleeve 71 is formed with inwardly directed teeth 77 to serve asclutch 'teeth for a direct drive as will now be explained.

Inwardly of engages a collar 83 formed on sleeve 79. At the other endsleeve 79 has external teeth forming a gear 85. for engaging at timewith gear 67.

gear 27 on the shaft 9the shaft l is splined to slidably carry a sleeve79. Anv angular fork member 81 enters the cage and It will be observedthat when sleeve 79 is reciprocated towards the right in Figure 1` itsgear 85 engages gear 67 of the ca e and rotates the same, an the cagethroug gear elements 69 and 75 rotatesthe transmlssion` shaft at areduced speed. Each of said gear clutch teeth 77 on the {iange of sleeve71 whereby vthe driving and driven shafts are clutched together indirect driving relation.

It will be observed from what has been set forth that the transmissiongives four-forward speeds, a direct high speed, a step-down through apair of internal-external gear trains, and intermediate speed and lowspeed through spur gear trains between the counter-v shaft and thetransmission shaft. It should also be noted that since there are twogeartrains in the first step-down, the reduction is divided between the twoand the number of teeth in the -two gears of eachset may be so nearlyalike that these external-internal gear trains are almost noiseless. i

For driving in reverse there is provided a shaft 91 upon which isslidably mounted a spur gear 93 having a collar 95 engaged by a fork 97the latter having a long arm extending downwardly from its rod. Thisgear 93,

' as shown by dotted lines on Figure 1,`is

always in mesh for a part of its length with gear 37 and when moved tothe right in Figure 1 also engages gear 41,.'whereupon the y drivenshaft is rotated at a slowspeed in the reverse directiom p The threeslldmg rods are deslgnated by numerals 101,103 and110l5. Rod 101carriesv the vfork 81 for operating ,sleeve '79- and gear n 85Ito obtainfourth -andthird speed drives.

" suchthat intorder to secure the customary Rodl 103 y carries 4fork 49for vloperating gears -41 and 43 `forlow and intermediate speeds., Rod105 lcarries forlr97-for obtaining reverse,

drive. The direetionlof movement of gear 85'` and standardmovement forthe'operating lever means is introducedtoreverse the Iaction off'thelever upon the sliding lsleeve;` 79,

To effect this reverslng thereviszprovided a- 1 `leverjf 111 "pivotedtotheicoverfof. thetransmission housing'.l at [113.` y It 'is ythis.,lever whic "engages the'rod at"i11steadof the;

hafndleve'r 117 L x "The upper Aend fof lever `111.

is i-eeessed atl '112'fan'd' vthe hand lever is provided belw theballpim-.119 with@ and; 121i which engages the recess 112 when ltheA .hands`lever is vfm(Wed-:laterally to make the shift into; ,V

direct orfin'to "third, speedl o Thereafter' fore an'daft movementsof`the hand ,lever 'make -its downward position.

ciprocatedjfojr' intermediate" and :low speeds. .i

lever and the operating rod 105.. vFor this purpose I employ a lever 123pivoted to the housing cover at 125. The lever has a recess 126engageable with a stud 127 and the hand lever-117. Themovement of thereverse idler to engage gear 41 is greater than the usual gear movement.To secure this longer movement without providing an unduly long movementfor the hand lever 117 I provide unequal arms on lever 123. It will beseen that the stud 127 engages the lever l123 substantially midwaybetween its .pivot' and the end of they lever which moves the shift rod105. This actuating mechanism alsol provides a convenient means t0prevent accidental shifting into reverse. The recess 126' is sopositioned that the stud 127 will not engage therein until the lever 117has been pusheddown. This will bevclear through an inspection of Figure2. Spring 131 normally holds the hand lever in its uppermost positionand in operative position forall shifts except that into reverse.slidable in slot 135 whereby the lever as a whole may be pushed downagainst the ten- The ball carriesv a trunnion 133 sion of the spring 131to an extent to permit terlock-which is used to insure the longitudinalmovement of one only of thethree rods at a time. A plunger 137l isdownwardly d pressed by spring 139 and a lock device-140v of any desiredtype may hold the. plunger in The plunger en gages. a -ball `141 l*whichwhen the device is in locked position-engages notches143 and .ing in rod103. Pin 147 engages the end of pin=l49-which is slidable in anopening-.in

Y. the ltransmission `houxsing.y At its other end-- -145 infrods 101.and103. Two pins 147 and pin149 ymayl engage 1n notchf152 in rod 1.05. i

In the position'of parts shownY in Figure3 it will be seen thatthe b'all141 engages 4,the

notches inl rods 101 and 103 and prevents movement. p, willalsobeseenthatthe ballV engages the endofpin 147, which-latteris holdingy pin149lin the notch of rod'105'. Lock l40lprevent's ,the movement of,ltheball'llil` withthe fresult that the transmission is fully leasedanyA bneofgtheyshifter rods --may be moved by afproperxmovement of thehand -leverbut the interlocking arrangement rwhich.

includes;` the bla1l-141`and the pinsz147=and `casingandtheball through:the :agency of pins 147 and 149 prevents movement of rod,

i, ,prevents either-.of the other rods being 120 lOCked. .,fWhen'lthelockldevice140 is re- 105. If on the other hand rod 103 is moved theball 141 locks rod 101 and the peripheral surface of rod 103 engages theend of Ypin 149 so that it maintains its locking engagement with rodl105. Should rod 105 be moved pin 149 is moved to the left and locks rod103 to the housing, and at the same time moves pin 147 sufficiently tocause ball 141 t0 lock rod 101. To prevent pin 147 from at any timeprojecting from rod 103 and locking it to the casing, the pin 147 isprovided with a reduced portion between its ends, which reduced portionis engaged by a pin 150 carried by rod 103.

By the arrangement above described a silent third and fourth speeds areaccomplished permitting the use of a more advantageous drive ratiobetween the driven pinion on the rear axle. The standard shiftingmovements for the hand lever are provided on the conventional lock andinterlock has been somewhat modified to accommodate the three shiftrods.

1. In a transmission for vehicles, aligned driving` and driven shafts, ahollow gear element eccentrically surrounding said aligned shafts, agear on said driven shaft, a co-operating first gear carried by saidhollow gear element whereby said hollow gear element is in constantdriving relation with said driven shaft, a secondd gear carried by saidhollow gear element clutch means carried by the driven shaft, a clutchgear member slidable on said driving shaft into gear engagement l withsaid second-gear' of the hollow gear element or into clutch engagementwith said `driven shaft clutch means said first-mentioned gear ofthehollow gear element being y an external gear and the engaged gear of thedriven shaft. being a surrounding internal gear to effect a gearreduction clutch means, a plurality of spaced bearings for rotatablysupporting said hollow gear element, all of said clutch and gearelements being located between said spaced bearings.-

2. The invention defined by claim 1, wherein the second mentioned gearof the hollow gear element is an internaLgear and the driving gearslidable on the driving shaft is an external gear whereby the hollowgear element may be driven from the driving. shaft at a reduced speed.

' In testimony whereof'I aiix my signature.

ROSCOE BERINGER.

